Question the-ex

3.2 Percentages - Percent increase/decrease
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The expression 0.35 x  represents the result of decreasing a positive quantity x by what percent?

A.

3.5%

B.

35%

C.

6.5%

D.

65%

The expression 0.35 x represents the result of decreasing a positive quantity x by what percent?

Hard-difficulty · SAT Math · Percentages — Percent increase/decrease. Read the question above, select your answer, and check the full explanation below to understand exactly why the correct choice works.

Answer explanation

Choice D is correct. Let n% represent the percent by which the positive quantity x is decreased to result in 0.35 x . The value of n can be found by solving the equation x-n100x=0.35x. Since x is a common factor of each of the terms on the left-hand side of this equation, the equation can be rewritten as x1-n100=0.35x. Dividing each side of this equation by x yields 1-n100=0.35. Multiplying each side of this equation by 100 yields 100-n=35. Subtracting 100 from each side of this equation yields - n = - 65 . Dividing each side of this equation by - 1 yields n = 65 . Therefore, the expression 0.35 x represents the result of decreasing the positive quantity x by 65%.

Choice A is incorrect. Decreasing the quantity x by 3.5% yields x-0.035x, or 0.965 x , not 0.35 x .

Choice B is incorrect. Decreasing the quantity x by 35% yields x-0.35x, or 0.65 x , not 0.35 x .

Choice C is incorrect. Decreasing the quantity x by 6.5% yields x-0.065x, or 0.935 x , not 0.35 x .