Question x-y-21
The table shows three values of and their corresponding values of , where and is a quadratic function. What is the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane?
x y 21 - 8 23 8 25 - 8 The table shows three values of
Hard-difficulty · SAT Math · Nonlinear Functions — Function composition and evaluation. Read the question above, select your answer, and check the full explanation below to understand exactly why the correct choice works.
Answer explanation
The correct answer is . It's given that is a quadratic function. It follows that can be defined by an equation of the form , where , , and are constants. It's also given that the table shows three values of and their corresponding values of , where . Substituting for in this equation yields . This equation represents a quadratic relationship between and , where is either the maximum or the minimum value of , which occurs when . For quadratic relationships between and , the maximum or minimum value of occurs at the value of halfway between any two values of that have the same corresponding value of . The table shows that x-values of and correspond to the same y-value, . Since is halfway between and , the maximum or minimum value of occurs at an x-value of . The table shows that when , . It follows that and . Subtracting from both sides of the equation yields . Substituting for and for in the equation yields , or . The value of can be found by substituting any x-value and its corresponding y-value for and , respectively, in this equation. Substituting for and for in this equation yields , or . Subtracting from both sides of this equation yields , or . Dividing both sides of this equation by yields . Substituting for , for , and for in the equation yields . The y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane is the point on the graph where . Substituting for in the equation yields , or . This is equivalent to , so the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane is . Thus, the y-coordinate of the y-intercept of the graph of in the xy-plane is .
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