Question the-so

2.2 Nonlinear Equations in One Variable - Quadratic solving (factoring, quadratic formula, completing square)
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The solutions to x 2 + 6 x + 7 = 0 are r and s , where r<s. The solutions to x 2 + 8 x + 8 = 0 are t and u , where t<u. The solutions to x 2 + 14 x + c = 0 , where c is a constant, are r+t and s+u. What is the value of c ?

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The solutions to x 2 + 6 x + 7 = 0 are r and s

Hard-difficulty · SAT Math · Nonlinear Equations in One Variable — Quadratic solving (factoring, quadratic formula, completing square). Read the question above, select your answer, and check the full explanation below to understand exactly why the correct choice works.

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 31 . Subtracting 7 from both sides of the equation x 2 + 6 x + 7 = 0 yields x 2 + 6 x = - 7 . To complete the square, adding 622, or 32, to both sides of this equation yields x2+6x+32=-7+32, or x + 3 2 = 2 . Taking the square root of both sides of this equation yields x+3=±2. Subtracting 3 from both sides of this equation yields x=-3±2. Therefore, the solutions r and s to the equation x 2 + 6 x + 7 = 0 are -3-2 and -3+2. Since r<s, it follows that r=-3-2 and s=-3+2. Subtracting 8 from both sides of the equation x 2 + 8 x + 8 = 0 yields x 2 + 8 x = - 8 . To complete the square, adding 822, or 42, to both sides of this equation yields x2+8x+42=-8+42, or x + 4 2 = 8 . Taking the square root of both sides of this equation yields x+4=±8, or x+4=±22. Subtracting 4 from both sides of this equation yields x=-4±22. Therefore, the solutions t and u to the equation x 2 + 8 x + 8 = 0 are -4-22 and -4+22. Since t<u, it follows that t=-4-22 and u=-4+22. It's given that the solutions to x 2 + 14 x + c = 0 , where c is a constant, are r + t and s + u . It follows that this equation can be written as x-r+tx-s+u=0, which is equivalent to x2-r+t+s+ux+r+ts+u=0. Therefore, the value of c is r+ts+u. Substituting -3-2 for r -4-22 for t -3+2 for s , and -4+22 for u in this equation yields -3-2+-4-22-3+2+-4+22, which is equivalent to -7-32-7+32, or -7-7-3232, which is equivalent to 49-18, or 31 . Therefore, the value of c is 31 .